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Ten Hills is a neighborhood in the northeastern part of the city of Somerville, Massachusetts. The area is roughly wedge-shaped, about in size, and is bounded by the Mystic River to the north, McGrath Highway to the east, and is largely separated from the rest of Somerville by Interstate 93 to the southwest.〔(Map of Ten Hills neighborhood ) on the City of Somerville website〕 Ten Hills is neighbored by Assembly Square to the east, and Winter Hill to the southwest. The neighborhood landscape is predominated by a single hill (not ten, as the name suggests), the peak of which is roughly at the intersection of Temple and Putnam Roads. The Ten Hills neighborhood is located in Ward 4, Precinct 1 of the City of Somerville, which is in the 34th district of Middlesex County.〔(Map of Somerville Wards & Precincts )〕 == History == Ten Hills is named after Ten Hills Farm, owned by Massachusetts' first governor, John Winthrop. This estate of was granted to Governor Winthrop by the Massachusetts Bay Colony on September 6, 1631. The farm was located along the southern bank of the Mystic River in portions of what are now the cities of Somerville and Medford. The farm was named by Governor Winthrop for the ten small knolls located on the property, which included orchards and meadows for grazing cattle.〔Francis J. Bremer, ''John Winthrop: America's Forgotten Founding Father'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003), p. 248.〕〔Robert C. Winthrop, ''Life And Letters Of John Winthrop: Governor Of The Massachusetts Bay Company At Their Emigration To New England 1630'', (Kessinger Publishing, LLC), p. 64.〕 In 1649, the Ten Hills Farm was inherited by Gov. Winthrop's son, John the Younger, governor of Connecticut. In 1677, the farm was deeded to Elizabeth Lidgett, widow of Peter Lidgett. In 1731, the Lidgetts deeded of the property, most of which is located in the current city of Medford, to Sir Isaac Royall, an Antiguan slave trader. Royall remodelled a brick house on that property, originally built by Governor Winthrop in 1692. Royall's son, Isaac Royall, Jr., took possession of that property in 1739, and greatly expanded it. It still stands today and is known as the Isaac Royall House. In 1740, the remaining of the Lidgett's property, located in Somerville, was sold to Captain Robert Temple, who owned that land through the Revolutionary War.〔Charles Elliot, ''(History of Somerville )'', 1892〕 Captain Temple built a luxurious mansion at Ten Hills Farm, overlooking the river, which lasted until it was torn down in 1877.〔M. A. Haley, ''(The Story of Somerville )'', (The Writer Publishing Company), p. 12.〕 On September 1, 1774, General Thomas Gage ordered an expedition of 200 British troops up the Mystic River to remove provincial munitions. The British landed at Ten Hills Farm, and then proceeded to Powder House Square and took 250 barrels of gunpowder to Boston.〔Albert L. Haskell, ''(Haskell's Historical Guide Book of Somerville, Massachusetts )''〕 The action sparked what became known as the Powder Alarm, in which thousands of colonists, believing an attack had been made, marched on Boston and Cambridge. In 1832 Colonel Samuel Jaques, a well known horticulturalist and breeder of livestock bought Ten Hills Farm and made it famous as a stock farm. In 1877, the farm was destroyed and much of the high ground was used to fill in surrounding marshlands. In 1900, the Metropolitan Park Commission acquired land along the Mystic River in Ten Hills and built Melrose Street, now called Shore Drive. In 1908, the City of Somerville built a public bath house on Melrose Street which became a very popular spot for bathers in the Mystic River.〔(Minutes of the Board of Alderment of Somerville, 1908 )〕 A planned amusement park was never built, but a new bathhouse along the shore of the river was built sometime between 1925 and 1947.〔Mystic View Task Force (Online Walking Tour )〕 In 1928, the City of Somerville bought the site for the purposes of building an elementary school, and in 1930, The Charles A. Grimmons Elementary School was opened for students. In 1980, the Grimmons School was closed due to lack of enrollment. A portion of the land was retained for the construction of Grimmons Park. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ten Hills, Somerville, Massachusetts」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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